Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions

Research article

Unmet needs in health training among nurses in rural Chinese township health centers: a cross-sectional hospital-based study: Yan Mo, Guijie Hu, Yanhua Yi, Yanping Ying, Huiqiao Huang, Zhongxian Huang, Jiafeng Lin; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2017;14:22. Published online October 4, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.22

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Purpose
Maintaining a sufficient and competent rural nursing workforce is an important goal of the Chinese health delivery system. However, few studies have investigated the health training status or conducted a needs assessment of rural Chinese nurses during this time of great transformations in health policy. This study was conducted to explore the current health training status of nurses working in rural Chinese township health centers (THCs) and to ascertain their perceived needs.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered structured questionnaire was conducted among 240 THC nurses in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China from March 2014 to August 2014. The survey questionnaire was adapted from the Second Chinese Survey of Demographic Data and Training Demand for Health Professionals in THCs developed by the Ministry of Education.
Results
The nurses in THCs were young, with a low educational level. Their perceived needs for health training included further clinical studies at city-level hospitals to improve their skills and theoretical studies at medical universities in emergency medicine and general practice. Overall, 71.9% of the nurses with a secondary technical school background expected to pursue junior college studies, and 68.5% of the nurses with a junior college education expected to pursue a bachelor’s degree. A decentralized program with theoretical studies at medical universities and practical studies at county hospitals was regarded as feasible by 66.9% of the respondents.
Conclusion
Health-training programs for nurses in Chinese THCs must be improved in terms of coverage, delivery mode, and content. A decentralized degree-linked training program in which medical universities and city hospitals collaborate would be an appropriate mode of delivery.

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Research Articles

Is a decentralized continuing medical education program feasible for Chinese rural health professionals?: Guijie Hu, Yanhua Yi; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2016;13:18. Published online April 28, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2016.13.18

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Abstract PDF

Purpose
Rural health professionals in township health centers (THCs) tend to have less advanced educational degrees. This study aimed to ascertain the perceived feasibility of a decentralized continuing medical education (CME) program to upgrade their educational levels. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of THC health professionals was conducted using a self-administered, structured questionnaire in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Results: The health professionals in the THCs were overwhelmingly young with low education levels. They had a strong desire to upgrade their educational degrees. The decentralized CME program was perceived as feasible by health workers with positive attitudes about the benefit for license examination, and by those who intended to improve their clinical diagnosis and treatment skills. The target groups of such a program were those who expected to undertake a bachelor’s degree and who rated themselves as “partially capable” in clinical competency. They reported that 160-400 USD annually would be an affordable fee for the program. Conclusion: A decentralized CME program was perceived feasible to upgrade rural health workers’ education level to a bachelor’s degree and improve their clinical competency.

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Evaluation of the star family doctors training program: an observational cohort study of a novel continuing medical education program for general practitioners within a compact medical consortium: a quantitative analysis
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BMC Medical Education.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Ling Chen, Jie Liu, Zhihui Zheng, Sangphel Yeshi
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Continuing medical education and work commitment among rural healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study in 11 western provinces in China
Jinlin Liu, Ying Mao
BMJ Open.2020; 10(8): e037985. CrossRef
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Unmet needs in health training among nurses in rural Chinese township health centers: a cross-sectional hospital-based study
Yan Mo, Guijie Hu, Yanhua Yi, Yanping Ying, Huiqiao Huang, Zhongxian Huang, Jiafeng Lin
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2017; 14: 22. CrossRef

Factors that influence the choice to work in rural township health centers among 4,669 clinical medical students from five medical universities in Guangxi, China: Yunbo Qing, Guijie Hu, Qingyun Chen, Hailun Peng, Kailan Li, Jinling Wei, Yanhua Yi; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:40. Published online July 10, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.40

29,961 View
169 Download
11 Web of Science
10 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Purpose
To produce competent undergraduate-level medical doctors for rural township health centers (THCs), the Chinese government mandated that medical colleges in Central and Western China recruit rural-oriented, tuition-waived medical students (RTMSs) starting in 2010. This study aimed to identify and assess factors that influence the choice to work in rural township health centers among both RTMSs and other students from five medical universities in Guangxi, China. Methods: An internet-based self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted with medical students in Guangxi province. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors related to the attitudes toward work in a rural township health center. Results: Among 4,669 medical students, 1,523 (33%) had a positive attitude and 2,574 (55%) had a neutral attitude toward working in THCs. Demographic characteristics, personal job concerns, and knowledge of THCs were associated with the choice of a career in THCs. The factors related to a positive attitude included the following: three-year program, a rural-oriented medical program, being male, an expectation of working in a county or township, a focus on medical career development, some perceived difficulty of getting a job, having family support, sufficient knowledge of THCs, optimism toward THC development, seeking lower working pressure, and a lower expected monthly salary. Conclusion: Male students in a three-year program or a rural-oriented tuition-waived medical education program were more likely to work in THCs. Selecting medical students through interviews to identify their family support and intentions to work in THCs would increase recruitment and retention. Establishing favorable policies and financial incentives to improve living conditions and the social status of rural physicians is necessary.

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Attitude towards working in rural areas: a cross-sectional survey of rural-oriented tuition-waived medical students in Shaanxi, China
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BMC Medical Education.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Unmet needs in health training among nurses in rural Chinese township health centers: a cross-sectional hospital-based study
Yan Mo, Guijie Hu, Yanhua Yi, Yanping Ying, Huiqiao Huang, Zhongxian Huang, Jiafeng Lin
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2017; 14: 22. CrossRef
A Qualitative Inquiry Into the Challenges of Medical Education for Retention of General Practitioners in Rural and Underserved Areas of Iran
Sajad Delavari, Mohammad Arab, Arash Rashidian, Saharnaz Nedjat, Rahmatollah Gholipour Souteh
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2016; 49(6): 386. CrossRef

Unmet needs in continuing medical education programs for rural Chinese township health professionals: Yanhua Yi, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong, Hutcha Sriplung, Guijie Hu, Edward McNeil, Qiming Feng, Hongxia Zhou, Bo Wei; J Educ Eval Health Prof. 2015;12:25. Published online June 14, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.25

30,449 View
165 Download
2 Web of Science
3 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Purpose
This study aimed to describe the system of continuing medical education (CME) in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and to ascertain the perceived needs related to that system, in order to improve the performance of health professionals in Chinese township health centers (THCs). Methods: In-depth key informant interviews were conducted to gain insights into the current CME system. A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered structured questionnaire was also carried out from March to August 2014 in order to identify perceived needs among THC personnel in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Logistic regression was used to identify factors related to respondents’ interest in pursuing different levels of degree study. Results: The areas of need perceived by the respondents included general clinical competence and emergency or first aid knowledge. Most respondents wanted to study at medical colleges in order to obtain a higher degree. Respondents aged below 45 years with neutral or positive attitudes about the benefit of degree study for the licensure examination were more likely to attend a bachelor-level CME program than their older peers and respondents with negative attitudes towards degree study. Female respondents and respondents aged below 45 years were more likely to attend a junior college CME program than males and older respondents, respectively. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop degree-linked CME programs to meet the need for young health professionals in Chinese THCs; therefore, this programs can improve the expertise of poorly educated young health workers, who overwhelm rural Chinese heath systems.

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Unmet needs in health training among nurses in rural Chinese township health centers: a cross-sectional hospital-based study
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Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2017; 14: 22. CrossRef
Is a decentralized continuing medical education program feasible for Chinese rural health professionals?
Guijie Hu, Yanhua Yi
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions.2016; 13: 18. CrossRef

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